What is genetic translation?

​Translation Translation is the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis. The genetic code describes the relationship between the sequence of base pairs in a gene and the corresponding amino acid sequence that it encodes.

What are the translators of the genetic code called?

The genetic code is a set of three-letter combinations of nucleotides called codons, each of which corresponds with a specific amino acid or stop signal. Translation occurs in a structure called the ribosome, which is a factory for the synthesis of proteins.

What is the purpose of gene translation?

The process of translation can be seen as the decoding of instructions for making proteins, involving mRNA in transcription as well as tRNA. The genes in DNA encode protein molecules, which are the “workhorses” of the cell, carrying out all the functions necessary for life.

What is initiation translation?

Translation initiation, the first stage in protein synthesis, is the process of assembly of large (60S) and small (40S) ribosomal subunits to form an 80S ribosome containing initiator transfer RNA (tRNA) (Met-tRNAiMet) that is base paired to the initiation codon of a messenger RNA in the ribosomal peptidyl (P) site.

What is the difference between gene and genetic code?

The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences) is translated into proteins (amino acid sequences) by living cells. The portion of the genome that codes for a protein or an RNA is referred to as a gene.

Why do we need to study translation?

Translation enables effective communication between people around the world. It is a courier for the transmission of knowledge, a protector of cultural heritage, and essential to the development of a global economy. Highly skilled translators are key. Translation Studies helps practitioners develop those skills.

What happens during translation?

During translation, ribosomal subunits assemble together like a sandwich on the strand of mRNA, where they proceed to attract tRNA molecules tethered to amino acids (circles). A long chain of amino acids emerges as the ribosome decodes the mRNA sequence into a polypeptide, or a new protein.

What are the major events of translation?

There are three major steps to translation: Initiation, Elongation, and Termination.

What is the relationship between the genetic code and translation?

The genetic code describes the relationship between the sequence of base pairs in a gene and the corresponding amino acid sequence that it encodes. In the cell cytoplasm, the ribosome reads the sequence of the mRNA in groups of three bases to assemble the protein. “Translation” literally means “to carry across”; that’s what translation means.

What is translation in biology?

Translation is the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis.

What is the meaning of genetically in English?

Meaning of genetically in English. genetically. › in a way that relates to genes (= units of DNA received by an animal or plant from its parents) : The brain’s response to pain is, at least in part, genetically determined. Children born from embryo donation are not genetically related to either their mother or father.

What is translation of mRNA to protein?

Translation is the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis. The genetic code describes the relationship between the sequence of base pairs in a gene and the corresponding amino acid sequence that it encodes.